به‌کارگیری فرایندهای غشایی در تأمین و توسعۀ آب و انرژی پایدار

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی شیمی، پژوهشگاه نیرو

2 دکتری شیمی، پژوهشگاه نیرو

3 دکتری مهندسی شیمی و محیط زیست، پژوهشگاه صنعت نفت

4 استادیار مهندسی شیمی، پژوهشگاه نیرو

چکیده

افزایش تقاضای انرژی و کمبود آب تمیز در نتیجۀ شهرنشینی، رشد جمعیت و ایجاد اختلال در آب و هوا به چالشی جهانی تبدیل شده است. فناوری غشایی، می­تواند نقش ویژه­ای در تصفیه، شیرین‌سازی آب و تأمین آب فرایندی مورد نیاز نیروگاه­ها داشته باشد. فرایندهای غشایی دارای برتری‌های مشخصی از جمله کیفیت بالای آب با نگهداری آسان، پساب لجن شیمیایی کم، انتخاب­پذیری و انتقال گزینشی اجزای مورد نظر، تطابق و قابلیت به‌کارگیری مناسب در فرایندهای یک‌پارچه، پایین‌بودن انرژی مصرفی، سازگاری با محیط زیست و کنترل­ پذیری مناسب هستند. هم‌چنین با به‌کارگیری این فناوری در باتری­ها و پیل­های سوختی و استفاده از جنس و ساختار غشایی مناسب قابلیت تولید انرژی الکتریکی پاک، پایدار و کارامد وجود خواهد داشت. منظور از انرژی پایدار، نوعی از انرژی است که می­تواند به‌طور نامحدود و بدون تأثیرگذاری بر محیط زیست و نیز به پایان رسیدن منبع، مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. علاوه بر آن، استفاده از فرایندهای غشایی در تولید و خالص‌سازی سوخت­های زیستی و جداسازی و بازیابی آلاینده­های گازی از دیگر موارد مهم و مورد مطالعۀ صنعت آب و انرژی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of Membrane Processes in Supply and Development of Sustainable Water and Energy in Country

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Davoudi Darzi 1
  • F. Hashmi Nasr 2
  • F. Sadeghi 3
  • A. Khalili-Garakani 4
1 M. Sc. in Chemical Engineering, Niroo Research Institute (NRI)
2 Ph. D. in Chemistry, Niroo Research Institute (NRI)
3 Ph. D. in Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI)
4 Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering, Niroo Research Institute (NRI)
چکیده [English]

Increased energy demand and lack of clean water as a result of urbanization, population growth, and climate change have become global challenges. Membrane technology can play a special role in water purification, desalination and supplying process water required by power plants. Membrane processes have certain advantages, including high quality water with easy maintenance, low chemical sludge effluent, selectivity and selective transfer of desired components, appropriate adaptability and applicability in integrated processes, low energy consumption, environmental friendliness and good controllability. Also, using this technology in batteries and fuel cells and select the right material and membrane structure, there will be the ability to produce clean, sustainable and efficient electrical energy. Sustainable energy is a type of energy that can be used indefinitely without affecting the environment and the depletion of the resource. In addition, the use of membrane processes in the production and the purification of biofuels and the separation and recovery of gaseous pollutants are other important issues studied in water and energy industry.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Membrane Processes
  • Water Treatment
  • Energy
  • Bioreactors
  • Batteries

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مهندسی شیمی ایران
دوره 21، شماره 121 - شماره پیاپی 121
خرداد و تیر 1401
صفحه 33-54

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