مهندسی شیمی ایران

مهندسی شیمی ایران

مروری بر باکتری‌های احیاکنندۀ سولفات: تنوع متابولیسمی، تعاملات زیست‌محیطی و کاربردهای زیست‌فناوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان
1 دانشجویکارشناسی ارشد مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران
2 دانشیار مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران
چکیده
در این مقاله، جنبه‌های فیزیولوژیکی و متابولیکی باکتری‌های احیاکنندۀ سولفات (SRB) باتمرکزبر مسیرهای انرژی‌زا، سازوکارهای انتقال الکترون و نقش آن‌ها در چرخۀ زیست ژئوشیمیایی گوگرد بررسی‌شده‌است. SRB بااستفاده‌از متابولیسم‌های هتروتروفی و اتوتروفی قادرند ترکیبات گوگردی را در شرایط بی‌هوازی به سولفید احیاکنند و در فرایندهای پالایش زیستی و تثبیت تعادل ترکیبات گوگردی نقش کلیدی ایفاکنند. همچنین، مسیرهای حفظ انرژی، سازوکارهای احیای سولفات و تعاملات میکروبی این گروه در زیست‌بوم‌های مختلف تحلیل‌شده‌است. افزون‌براین، کاربردهای زیست‌فناوری SRB در تصفیۀ پساب‌های صنعتی غنی از سولفات و فلزات سنگین، چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی ناشی از فعالیت آن‌ها مانند خوردگی زیستی و تولید گاز H2S تشریح‌شده‌است. بررسی پیشرفت‌های اخیر دراستفاده‌از SRB در فناوری‌های نوین زیست‌محیطی، نشان‌دهندۀ ظرفیت بالای این ریزاندام‌ها در کنترل آلودگی، بازیافت فلزات و تولید ترکیبات با ارزش زیستی است. این مطالعه دیدگاهی جامع از اهمیت اکولوژیکی، ظرفیت زیست‌فناورانه و چالش‌های مرتبط‌با SRB ارائه‌می‌دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

A Review on Sulfate Reducing Bacteria:Metabolic Diversity, Environmental Interactions, and Biotechnological Applications

نویسندگان English

L. Doosti 1
F. Naeimpoor 2
1 MSc. Student of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology
2 Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology
چکیده English

This paper examines the physiological and metabolic characteristics of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), focusing on their
energy-generating pathways, electron transfer mechanisms, and roles in the biogeochemical sulfur cycle. Through both heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolisms, SRB can reduce sulfur compounds to sulfide under anaerobic conditions and play a vital role in bioremediation processes and maintaining sulfur balance in the environment.
The study also analyzes the energy conservation pathways, sulfate reduction mechanisms, and microbial interactions of SRB across diverse ecosystems. In addition, the biotechnological applications of SRB in treating industrial wastewaters rich in sulfate and heavy metals, as well as the environmental challenges associated with their activity, such as biocorrosion and hydrogen sulfide production, are discussed. Recent advances in utilizing SRB for modern environmental technologies highlight their potential in pollution control, metal recovery, and the synthesis of valuable bio-based compounds.
This study provides a comprehensive perspective on the ecological significance, biotechnological potential, and related challenges of SRB.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Sulfate Reducing Bacteria
Electron Transfer
Heterotrophy and Autotrophy
Bioremediation of Wastewater
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