ارزیابی ریسک در کارخانۀ تولید اسید بنزوئیک با استفاده ازترکیب روشHAZOP و ریاضیات فازی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک‌اشتر

2 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک‌اشتر

چکیده

تولید امن و مقرون به‌صرفۀ اسید بنزوئیک به‌عنوان یک مادۀ شیمیایی بسیار مهم و پرکاربرد از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است؛ به‌ویژه این‌که درصد بالایی از خطرات کارخانه‌های صنایع شیمیایی، ریسک‌هایی هستند که در صورت بروز به انفجار و صدمات جبران‌ناپذیر انسانی، مادی و زیست‌محیطی منجر می‌شوند. هدف این مقاله، ارائۀ رویکردی برای شناسایی، بررسی و کنترل ریسک‏های عملیاتی و زیست‌محیطی و علت رخداد آن‏هاست. بدین منظور از روش تجزیۀ خطر و قابلیت عملیات (HAZOP) به‌عنوان یکی از روش‏های کیفی پرکاربرد در صنایع شیمیایی و محاسبۀ عدد ریسک به‌کمک ریاضیات فازی، به‌منظور ارائۀ یک مقدار کمی برای انواع ریسک استفاده شد. با تحلیل فرایند مجموعاً 32 ریسک شناسایی شد که 25 ریسک (12/78%)، ریسک انفجار، آتش‌سوزی و آسیب‌های زیست‌محیطی جدی را به دنبال دارد که می‌توان با پیشگیری و کنترل، از صدمات مادی و انسانی وسیعی جلوگیری کرد. نتایج نشان داد که در دسته‌بندی ریسک‌ها بر مبنای احتمال وقوع، حدود 6 درصد از ریسک‌های این فرایند دارای احتمال زیاد، حدود 5/12 درصد دارای احتمال متوسط و حدود 81 درصد دارای احتمال پایین هستند. از منظر شدت اثر ریسک، 78درصد از خطرات اثر تخریبی خطرناک، 62/15 درصد اثر تخریبی متوسط و 25/6 درصد اثر تخریبی پایین دارند؛ این یعنی بیشتر خطرها در کارخانه‌های صنایع شیمیایی، اگرچه احتمال وقوع بالایی ندارند ولی در صورت بروز، فاجعه آفرین‌  خواهند بود و تأثیرجبران ناپذیری خواهند گذاشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Risk Assessment in Production Process of Benzoic Acid Using HAZOP Technique and Fuzzy Mathematics

نویسندگان [English]

  • J. Gheidar-Kheljani 1
  • M. H. Karimi Govareshki 1
  • M. Babaei 2
  • Sh. Masjedi 2
1 Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology
2 Ph. D. Candidate of Industrial Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology
چکیده [English]

Safe and cost-effective production of benzoic acid as an important material in the production of industries such as food, pharmaceutical, plastic, iron and steel, military, etc. especially under sanctions conditions, has particular importance, especially that a high percentage of the risks of chemical industry factories are risks that lead to explosions and human irreparable, material and environmental damages. The aim was to present an approach to identify, investigate and control operational and environmental risks and the cause of these risks. For this purpose, HAZOP technique as one of the most widely used techniques in chemical industry and calculation of risk number was used by fuzzy mathematics to provide a numerical value for different risk types. A total of 32 risks were identified by process analysis, of which 25 (78.12%) have the risks of explosions, fires and serious environmental damages that we can avoid extensive material and human damages by prevention and control.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Risk
  • HAZOP Technique
  • Benzoic Acid
  • Fuzzy Numbers

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مهندسی شیمی ایران
دوره 20، شماره 118
آذر و دی 1400
صفحه 50-65

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