مهندسی شیمی ایران

مهندسی شیمی ایران

مروری بر کاربرد سامانه‌های ریزسیالشی در گوگردزدایی استخراجی از سوخت‌های مایع

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران
2 دانشیار مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران
چکیده
توسعۀ فرایندهای گوگردزدایی غیرهیدروژنی، بهدلیل کاهش هزینه­ های عملیاتی، یک ضرورت است. گوگردزدایی استخراجی یکیاز مهم­ترین فرایندهای موفق غیرهیدروژنی در حذف ترکیبات مختلف گوگردی است. یکیاز روشهای تشدید فرایندهای شیمیایی، انجام آن فرایند در ابعاد کوچک (میلی­متر، میکرومتر و نانومتر) است که تحت عنوان فناوری ریزسیالش در سالهای اخیر، محل توجه قرار گرفتهاست. با کاهش قطر هیدرودینامیکی تماسدهنده ­ها، نسبت سطح به حجم بهطرز چشمگیری افزایش می ­یابد که این امر سبب بروز پدیده ­های جدیدی می­شود. انجام فرایندهای استخراج در سامانه­ های ریزسیالشی منجربه تشدید فرایند استخراج می­ شود و زمان فرایند را بهطرز چشمگیری کاهش می­ دهد و باعث کنترلپذیری آسان­تر و ایمن­تر شدن فرایند نیز می­ شود. راندمان یک دستگاه ریزسیالشی برای استخراج، به سطح در دسترس انتقال جرم و طول نفوذ بستگی دارد که این خود به نوع الگوی جریان دوفازی تشکیلشده بستگی دارد. تشکیل الگوهای مختلف به مشخصه‌هایی مانند خواص فیزیکی مایعات (چگالی، گران‌روی، کشش سطحی، ترشوندگی)، شرایط عملیاتی (سرعت­های جریان دوفاز، نسبت دبی فازها) و هندسۀ کانال (عرض، عمق، ساختار داخلی، ساختار ورودی) وابسته است. باتوجهبه نتایج پژوهش ­ها، با افزایش طول کانال، زمان اقامت سیال افزایش می­ یابد که منجربه افزایش میزان گوگردزدایی می ­شود و با کاهش قطر کانال-  بهدلیل افزایش سطح انتقال جرم- ضریب کلی انتقال جرم بهبود می ­یابد. با افزایش سرعت حلال و سوخت ازطرفی منجربه بهبود ضریب انتقال جرم حجمی می­شود و ازطرف دیگر با افزایش سرعت، زمان اقامت سیال در میکروکانال کاهش می ­یابد که منجربه کاهش میزان گوگردزدایی می شود. در این مطالعه، پژوهش ­های مربوط به گوگردزدایی استخراجی و مشخصه‌های مهم فرایندی در سامانه ­های ریزسیالشی بررسی شده‌است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

A Review on the Application of Microfluidic Systems in the Extractive Desulfurization of Liquid Fuels

نویسندگان English

A. Heydari 1
S. Movahedirad 2
M. A. Sobati 2
1 M. Sc. Student of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology
2 Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology
چکیده English

The development of non-hydrogen desulfurization processes is an important necessity due to the reduction of operational costs. Extractive desulfurization is one of the most important non-hydrogen processes for removing sulfur compounds from liquid fuels, which has been successful in removing various sulfur compounds. One of the methods of intensifying chemical processes is to carry out that process in small dimensions (millimeters, micrometers and nanometers), which has received attention under the title of microfluidic technology in recent years. By reducing the hydrodynamic diameter of the contacting entities, the surface-to-volume ratio increases significantly, leading to the emergence of new phenomena. One of the benefits of using microfluidic technologies is the improvement of mass and heat transfer coefficients, which accelerates the process. Performing extraction processes in microfluidic systems intensifies the extraction process and significantly reduces the process time. It also makes the process easier to control and safer. The efficiency of a microfluidic device for extraction depends on the available mass transfer surface and penetration length, which itself depends on the type of two-phase flow pattern formed. The formation of different patterns depends on the physical properties of liquids (density, viscosity, surface tension, wetting parameters), operating conditions (flow rate of two phases, flow ratio of phases) and channel geometry (width, depth, internal structure, input structure). According to the research conducted, by increasing the length of the channel, the residence time of the fluid increases, which leads to an increase in the amount of desulfurization, and by reducing the diameter of the channel due to the increase in the mass transfer surface, the overall mass transfer coefficient improves. By increasing the speed of the solvent and fuel, on the one hand, it leads to the improvement of the volumetric mass transfer coefficient, and on the other hand, by increasing the speed, the residence time of the fluid in the microchannel decreases, which leads to a decrease in the desulfurization rate. In this study, research on extractive desulfurization and important process parameters in microfluidic systems have been reviewed.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Extractive Desulfurization
Microfluidics
Microchannel
Process Intensification
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