مهندسی شیمی ایران

مهندسی شیمی ایران

مروری بر اثر نانوذرات برروی بهبود خواص مکانیکی و دی‌الکتریک پلی‌وینیل کلراید، نانودی‌الکتریک بسپاری، در عایق‌های سیم و کابل

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان
1 استادیار مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه ارومیه
2 کارشناس ارشد مدیریت اجرایی، واحد صنعتی شرکت آذر سیم مرند
چکیده
پیویسی بهدلیل مقاومت دربرابر شعله و مواد شیمیایی، بهعنوان مواد عایق الکتریکی سیمها و پوشش بیرونی کابلها به‌طور گسترده‌ای به‌کار می‌رود. در طول کارکرد عادی، کابلهای برق زیرزمینی تحت فشارهای مختلفی مانند گرما، رطوبت و تنش مکانیکی قرار میگیرند که منجربه تغییر خواص و خرابی عایق در طول زمان میشود. مواد نانودیالکتریک بسپاری به نانوکامپوزیتهای بسپاری که دارای کسرهای وزنی متعددی از ذرات معدنی با ابعاد نانومتری هستند، اطلاق میشود .پراکندگی این نانوذرات ریز با مواد بسپاری منجربه بهبودهای قابل توجهی در خواص دیالکتریک و حرارتی شدهاست که بهنوبۀ خود نانوکامپوزیتهای بسپاری را به محبوبترین اصطلاح در جامعۀ دی‌الکتریک تبدیل کردهاست. برای بهینه‌سازی این ویژگی‌های جدید، پراکندگی نانوذرات در ماتریس‌های بسپاری باید افزایش یابد و این می‌تواند با عامل‌دار کردن شیمیایی سطوح نانوذرات بااستفادهاز سیلان‌ها یا پلیالکل بهعنوان عوامل جفت‌کننده بهدست آید. این عامل‌دار کردن منجربه تغییر شیمی نانوذرات برای سازگاری با بسپارها و کاهش تجمع آنها در ماتریس بسپاری می‌شود. در مطالعۀ حاضر، نتایج مطالعات محققان بر اثر واردکردن نانوذرات اکسید فلزات برروی خواص دی‌الکتریک نظیر گذردهی نسبی الکتریکی، تلفات دیالکتریک و خواص مکانیکی نظیر استحکام کششی و مدول الاستیسیتی پیویسی مورد استفاده در عایق سیمها و کابلها بررسی شده و برخی نتایج مهم آنها بحث و بررسی شده‌است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

A Review of the Effect of Nanoparticles on the Improvement of Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride, Nanodielectric Polymer, in Wire and Cable Insulation

نویسندگان English

M. Yaldagard 1
J. Yaldagard 2
1 Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering, Urmia University
2 M. Sc. in Executive Management Azar Sim Marand
چکیده English

Due to its resistance to flame and chemicals, PVC has been widely used as an electrical insulation material for wires and outer sheathing of cables. During normal operation, underground power cables are subjected to various stresses such as exposure to heat, humidity, and mechanical stress, which lead to changes in insulation properties and deterioration over time. Polymer nanodielectric materials refer to polymer nanocomposites that have several weight fractions of inorganic particles with nanometer dimensions. Dispersing these tiny nanoparticles with polymeric materials resulted in significant improvements in both dielectric and thermal properties, which in turn makes polymer nanocomposites the most popular term in the dielectric community. To optimize these novel properties, the dispersion of nanoparticles within polymeric matrices should be enhanced, and this can be achieved by chemical functionalization of nanoparticles surfaces using silanes or polyalcohol as coupling agents. This functionalization will result in changing the chemistry of nanoparticles to be compatible with that of polymers, and to reduce their agglomeration within polymer matrix. In the present study, the results of the researchers' studies on the dielectric properties such as relative electrical permeability, dielectric loss and mechanical properties such as tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of PVC used in insulation of wires and cables due to the introduction of metal oxide nanoparticles and some of their important results have been discussed.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Nanoparticles
Polyvinyl Chloride
PVC
Nanodielectric Polymer
Insulator
Wires and Cables

 

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