مطالعۀ آزمایشگاهی استخراج مواد با ارزش از گیاه خرنوب با استفاده از سیال فوق بحرانی با ترکیب امواج فراصوت

نویسندگان

دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحد مرودشت

چکیده

درهرگونۀگیاهی صدها ترکیب شیمیایی با ترکیب درصدها و خواص متفاوت موجود است. جداسازی درست ترکیبات شیمیایی موجود در گیاه و ایجاد ارتباط بین خواص دارویی گیاه با ترکیب مؤثر آن میتواند هم زمینۀ تولید انبوه داروی مفید را فراهم سازد و هم از عوارض ناشی از مصرف مستقیم گیاه دارویی که گاهی از سایر ترکیبات مضر موجود در گیاه ناشی میشود، جلوگیری کند. در این تحقیق استخراج مواد مؤثره از گیاه خرنوب با استفاده از دیاکسیدکربن فوق بحرانی با ترکیبامواج فراصوت بررسی شد. بازده استخراج با سیال فوق بحرانی با افزایش فشار و کاهش اندازۀ ذرات افزایش یافت. استفاده از امواج فراصوت باعث افزایش میزان بازده استخراج شد. بهترین شرایط آزمایش در فشار 210 بار ،دمای 35 درجۀ سلسیوس و اندازۀ ذره 4/0 میلی متر و اندازۀ بسامد 37 کیلوهرتز بهدست آمد. بازده استخراج در این شرایط مقدار 7825/3 بهدست آمد. عطرمایۀ‌ بهدست آمده از روش کلونجر و استخراج با روش فوق بحرانی با روش کروماتوگرافی گازی و کروماتوگرافی طیفسنج جرمی تجزیه شد. پس از تجزیه و تحلیل عطرمایۀ‌ استخراج شده، مادۀ استامید، نرولیدول، پیرولیدین و استیگمست بهعنوان مادۀ مؤثره انتخاب شد. همچنین بازده استخراج با سیال فوق بحرانی (7825/3) بهمراتب بهتر از روش کلونجر (02/1) بهدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Experimental Study of Extraction of Valuable Materials of Carob Plant with Use of Supercritical Fluid Combined with Ultrasonic Waves

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Esfandiari
  • B. Honarvar
  • N. Esfandiari
Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University
چکیده [English]

In any plant, there are hundreds chemical compositions with composition of percent and different properties. Correct separation of chemical compositions in plant and making relationship between medicinal properties of plant with effective composition can make mass production of useful drugs and likewise can prevent effects of compositions directly medicinal plant that due from other harmful compositions in plant, sometimes it can prevent. In this research, extraction of effective substance from carob plant using supercritical carbon dioxide combined with ultrasonic waves, was investigated. The supercritical fluid extraction yield was increased with increasing of pressure and particle size reduction. The use of ultrasonic wave increased the efficiency of the extraction. The best experimental conditions were obtained at pressure 210 bar, temperature 35°C, particle size 0.4 mm and frequency 37 kHz. In this condition, the amount of extraction efficiency is 3.7825. The gained essential oil by Clevenger and by extraction with supercritical fluid analyzed by GC and GC-Mass. After the analysis of the extracted essential oil, Acetamide, Nerolidol, Pyrrolidine, and Stigmast was selected as effective materials. Also, extraction yield (3.7825) by supercritical fluid was better than Clevenger method (1.02).
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Extraction of Supercritical Fluid
  • Essence
  • Carob Plant
  • Frequency Waves
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